Epilepsy is a neurological condition that produces seizures. Having a seizure, however, does not automatically imply epilepsy; many people who have one seizure never have another. A person is diagnosed with epilepsy, on the other hand, if he or she continues to have seizures for no apparent reason.
Many people get epilepsy throughout their infancy or adolescence. Others develop it as adults. Some people with epilepsy (especially youngsters) may have fewer or no episodes over time. There are some best Epilepsy Hospital in Coimbatore help you to get back your life from epilepsy.
Causes of Epilepsy:
Seizures caused by epilepsy can have a variety of reasons. Epilepsy can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections such as meningitis, severe head injuries, brain tumours, and cerebral vascular degeneration (stroke/clot/hemorrhage). In addition, genetic reasons, pre and perinatal brain traumas, and metabolic abnormalities such as electrolyte aberration, hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), and inborn metabolic error in children can all cause epilepsy.
Lack of sleep, overexertion leading to physical weariness, emotional stress, and other external causes such as drug addiction, excessive alcohol consumption, and unexpected flashes of light can all provoke epilepsy.
Types of Epilepsy
Epilepsy is divided into two types: generalised seizures and focused seizures.
Seizures that are widespread: There are two subclasses of this category: motor and nonmotor. Tonic-clonic seizures, often known as stiffening and jerking, may occur in patients suffering from generalised motor seizures. In generalised non-motor seizures, the patient's consciousness may alter, there may be occasional staring episodes, and repeated or involuntary behaviours such as lip-smacking.
There are several forms of seizures within this category, which include the following.
- Absence: The patient may notice a sudden lack of focus and response, as well as brief periods of daydreaming and gazing.
- Clonic: Though uncommon, the patient may experience abrupt jerks in several body areas.
- Tonic-clonic: The tonic phase occurs when the body stiffens, followed by the clonic phase, in which the limbs begin to jerk repeatedly.
- Myoclonic: When a patient experiences single, short jerks of one or more muscles that last barely a second or two.
- Tonic: This is a temporary stiffness of the arms or legs that might occur when someone is awake or asleep. If the individual is seated or standing, they will collapse suddenly.
- Atonic: Patients may have brief seizures that result in a rapid loss of muscular tone, and they may slump to the ground or nod their heads.
Focal Seizures: Seizures classified as focal impact just one specific area of the body. Following categories apply to focal seizures.
- There are no changes in awareness during simple partial seizures (SPS).
- Complex partial seizures, which can compromise consciousness, begin in one specific region of the brain.
- Secondary generalised seizures are epileptic episodes that begin in one area of the brain before spreading to the entire body.
Treatment and safety measures
When diagnosing epilepsy, the patient's history is important. The patient's description and the episodes that took place should be carefully recorded because disorders like heart conditions, low blood sugar levels that induce a loss of consciousness, etc. might mimic epilepsy.
The use of medications is crucial in the treatment of epilepsy. Patients with epilepsy must regularly take the drugs the Epilepsy Specialist in Coimbatore have recommended. The same time each day should be set up for taking medications.
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